Coping strategies in young adults facing a romantic breakup, a systematic review

Abstract

The breakdown of a romantic relationship constitutes an experience of loss that can disrupt psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, routines, and self-perception. The general objective of this review was to analyze the coping strategies used by young adults following a romantic breakup. A systematic review employing a qualitative approach and narrative synthesis was conducted, based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search covered Google Scholar, Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, and institutional repositories. The publication period was limited to 2021–2026. The selection flow diagram recorded 83 identified documents; after removing duplicates and article citations, 72 records were examined. Following retrieval and the application of time-based and eligibility criteria, 16 studies were included in the synthesis. Findings were organized into three themes: predominant strategies; differences associated with gender and the context of the breakup; and adaptive versus maladaptive strategies. Available evidence highlights the significant role of social support, self-care, personal activities, routine reorganization, emotional regulation, and problem-solving. In contrast, persistent avoidance, isolation, emotional blocking, and idealization of the ex-partner were associated with greater adjustment difficulties. Differences between men and women should be interpreted with caution due to the influence of personal, relational, and sociocultural variables. It is concluded that coping with a romantic breakup is a dynamic, multidimensional process; therefore, interventions should foster adaptive resources and take into account each individual's specific characteristics.