Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la educación: uso ético, aprendizaje personalizado y desafíos para docentes y estudiantes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/cieninter.v4i3.45Palabras clave:
inteligencia artificial, educación, ética, aprendizaje personalizado, docentes, estudiantesResumen
Este artículo analiza el impacto de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la educación con énfasis en tres ejes: uso ético, aprendizaje personalizado y desafíos para docentes y estudiantes. Se realizó una revisión integrativa de 34 publicaciones académicas y documentos normativos publicados entre 2011 y 2024. Los resultados muestran que los sistemas tutoriales inteligentes pueden mejorar el rendimiento cuando ofrecen retroalimentación oportuna y se articulan con objetivos pedagógicos claros; sin embargo, la personalización no es automática ni neutral. La IA generativa amplía el acceso a explicaciones, ejemplos y apoyo lingüístico, pero también introduce errores plausibles, sesgos, riesgos para la privacidad, dependencia cognitiva y nuevas formas de fraude académico. Para los docentes, la tecnología puede apoyar la planificación y la evaluación formativa, aunque exige alfabetización en IA, rediseño de tareas, supervisión humana y criterios institucionales de responsabilidad. Para los estudiantes, su valor depende de utilizarla como andamiaje para pensar y no como sustituto del esfuerzo intelectual. Se concluye que una integración educativa responsable requiere finalidad pedagógica explícita, minimización de datos, transparencia, equidad, evaluación continua y preservación de la agencia humana.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Lourdes Maribel Veloz Guaman , Erika Tatiana Tixi Guallo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
